Panel

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to a panel for use in the assembly of a modular hot work habitat so as to form an enclosure to facilitate hot working. The panels comprise a first layer of flexible structural material, and a second layer of flexible fireproof material fixed to the structural layer. A habitat comprising a plurality of interconnected panels is described.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to an improved panel, particularly to animproved panel for use in the construction of habitats for surroundingan area in which hot work is to take place. The invention also relatesto a habitat constructed from the improved panels. The invention alsorelates to an improved habitat structure and to a refuge for use inhazardous working environments.

2. Description of the Related Art

Conducting “hot work” such as welding, cutting or grinding generatesheat and sparks. In certain environments hot working can be extremelyhazardous, particularly where there may be combustible gases,particularly hydrocarbons, present, for example on oil/gas search andproduction rigs and facilities, oil refineries, chemical plants and thelike.

Hot work habitats (or enclosures) permit hot work to be conducted insuch environments. A hot work habitat is an enclosure which can be builtaround the area in which hot work is to be performed. Examples ofhabitats or enclosures are disclosed variously in U.S. Pat. No.5,018,321, U.S. Pat. No. 5,101,604, U.S. Pat. No. 3,452,764. Once built,some habitats can be over pressurised, that is the air pressure withinthe habitat can be raised above the air pressure external to the habitatto prevent the ingress of potentially flammable gases into the habitat.

Conventionally, habitats are made from galvanised sheeting and woodenpanelling which can be lined around the floor area with fire resistantmatting. However these habitats are inflexible and cumbersome, andflexible, generally one piece, dome structures such as U.S. Pat. No.5,018,321 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,101,604 were developed. Since then modularsystems comprising flexible flame retardant fabric panels have beendeveloped. Modular habitats have drawbacks however; firstly, in theevent of a fire breaking out within the habitat, a modular habitat isnot designed to contain the fire; the flame retardant fabric panels onlybeing capable of withstanding temperatures of up to approximately 70° C.Secondly, if the fabric is breached or torn, an equalisation of pressurecan result with the possible consequence of an ingress of potentiallycombustible gases. Such a breach can occur, for example, by performinghot work close to the flame retardant fabric such that a continualshower of sparks from grinding operations or a naked flame burns a holein the material. The dome structures referred to above are alsocumbersome to install and to fireproof adequately. A single breach inthe dome renders the whole habitat unusable. Furthermore fire blanketsare generally difficult to secure and install in a vertical orientation.

Whilst it would be desirable to use fireproof material instead of flameretardant fabric for the panels fireproof material is generally notsuitable for stitching i.e. they cannot readily be stitched together toform panel structures or have zips or other fasteners attached theretoto allow panels to be connected together. Whilst it is possible tostitch fireproof materials specialist threads are required to maintainthe fireproof integrity of the fireproof panel. It will be appreciatedthat any connecting means must have at least the same fireproofcharacteristics as the panels or the integrity thereof would bediminished in the event of a fire. One type of thread that can be usedto stitch fireproof panels is a quartz based thread but such threads aregenerally extremely brittle and thus do not lend themselves to use inthe stitching of fireproof panels for use in habitats as the constanthandling of the panels would result in the thread breaking.

It is an object of at least one embodiment of the present invention toprovide an improved panel for a hot working habitat.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided apanel for use in the assembly of a modular hot work habitat, the panelcomprising:

-   -   a layer of flexible structural material, and    -   a layer of flexible fireproof material fixed to the layer of        structural material.

Utilising two layers of flexible material to form a composite panelprovides structural integrity, reducing the possibility of the panel, inuse, being torn. Additionally, providing a fireproof layer preventsbreach of the habitat by sparks or other hot material, and increases thechances of a fire within the habitat being contained.

Preferably, the layers are arranged to lie in parallel planes, in alaminated structure. Preferably, the laminated panel is flexible.

Preferably, the layer of structural material is a flame retardantmaterial.

Preferably, the flame retardant material is a flame retardant fabric.

Most preferably, the flame retardant fabric is PVC coated wovenpolyester fabric coated with plasticized polyvinylchloride in the rangeof 10-40%; polyethyleneterephtalate in the range of 20-80%; anddi-isononylphtalate in the range of 0-30%, thereby providing temperatureresistance in the range of −30° C. to +70° C.

Preferably, the fireproof material layer is a fireproof fabric.

Most preferably, the fireproof fabric is silica chemically treated tocreate an amorphous silica coating on each side with a high temperatureresisting silicone rubber.

Preferably the fireproof comprises a base fabric having a weight in theregion of 400 g m²-700 g m². The weight of the coated fabric is in therange of from 800 g m²-1200 g m², typically 1075 g m² and has athickness in the range of from 0.5 mm to 1 mm, typically 0.65 mm.

Preferably, the layers are fixed by being adhered to each other by asilicone adhesive. Silicone adhesives are particularly useful assilicone adhesives have a temperature rating that is generally not lessthan the temperature rating of the fireproof fabric and tend not toburn, therefore assisting in maintaining the integrity of the panel inthe event of fire. Other types of flame retardant adhesives may be usedsuch as SPRAYTACK™ adhesive by 3M or flame retardant tapes.

Alternatively, or indeed preferably, there may be provided mechanicalfixing means to fix two panels to each other in addition to adhering byan adhesive. Typical mechanical fixings may include rivets, nuts, boltsand the like and mechanical fixings are particularly suitable if thepanel is used in a vertical orientation.

Preferably, the fireproof material contains silicone.

Preferably, the panel is arranged such that, in use, the fireproof layerforms part of an internal surface of a habitat. In the event of a firewithin the habitat, damage to the habitat is minimised if the fireprooflayer forms part of an internal surface of the habitat, if the habitatremains structurally intact the possibility of containing the firewithin the habitat is increased.

Preferably, the panel includes attaching means to permit the panel, inuse, to be attached to an adjacent panel or panels.

Preferably, the attaching means are fitted to the structural materiallayer.

Preferably, the structural material layer includes an edge and theattaching means are fitted to the edge of the structural material layer.

Preferably, the attaching means extend around the entire perimeter ofthe structural material layer.

Preferably, the attaching means is at least one zip portion adapted toengage with a complementary zip portion fitted to a second panel. Otherattaching means which could be used include hooks and eyelets, pressstuds, turn buttons, lift-a-dot, and nuts and bolts.

Preferably, the fireproof material layer has a greater surface area thanthe structural material layer.

Most preferably, a portion of the fireproof material layer extendsbeyond the edge of the structural material layer.

Preferably, the portion extends beyond the edge of the structuralmaterial layer around the entire perimeter of the structural materiallayer.

Preferably, the fireproof material layer portion extends sufficiently toprotect, in use the attaching means. Providing a portion of fireproofmaterial to cover the attaching means protects the attaching means froma fire, assisting in maintaining the integrity of an assembled habitat.

Preferably, in use when the panel is attached to an adjacent panel,adjacent fireproof material layer portions overlap.

Preferably, the flame retardant layer of the panel further includes anextended portion formed and arranged to cover the attaching means.

Preferably, the at least extended portion in the form of a protectionstrip which is releasably attachable to the structural material layer.

Preferably, the extended portion is releasably attachable to thestructural material layer by means of a hook and loop fastener or othermechanical fixings as described above.

Preferably, the/each extended portion is flame retardant.

Preferably, the/each extended portion is adapted to cover the attachingmeans.

Preferably, the/each extended portion is adapted, in use, to attach toadjacent connected panels. In use, the attaching means, for example azip, is enclosed on one side by the overlapping first and secondfireproof material layer portions and on the other side by the extendedportion. Such an arrangement assists in sealing an assembled habitatfacilitating over-pressurising of the habitat.

Preferably, the fireproof material layer is adapted to withstandtemperatures to in excess of 1200° C., typically 1000° C. thoughmaterials that are fireproof to higher temperatures e.g. 1600° C., maybe employed.

According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provideda modular hot work habitat comprising:

-   -   a plurality of connected panels, each panel comprising:        -   a layer of flexible structural material, and        -   a layer of flexible fireproof material fixed to the layer of            structural material.

Preferably, the panels are arranged such that the fireproof materiallayers face inwards towards the interior of the habitat.

According to a third aspect of the present invention there is provided akit for assembling into a modular hot work habitat, the kit comprising:

-   -   a plurality of panels, each panel comprising:        -   a layer of flexible structural material, and        -   a layer of flexible fireproof material fixed to the layer of            structural material.

In yet another respect the present invention provides a refuge suitablefor use in environments where there is the possibility of firecomprising an inner tent like structural assembly, said structuralassembly comprising flexible panels formed and arranged for supporting,on its outside, fireproof material fixed thereto.

It will be understood some of the features depending from the firstaspect of the invention may be equally applicable to the second andsubsequent aspects, and are not repeated here for brevity and clarity.

Preferably the habitat according to any aspect of the present inventionincludes an airlock, preferably a fireproof airlock, formed and arrangedso as to be securable to said panels. Additionally there may be provideda support structure such as scaffolding for supporting a said habitataccording to the invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

An embodiment of the present invention will now be described withreference to the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a hot work habitat comprisinga plurality of connected panels according to an embodiment of thepresent invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective one of the panels shown on FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the panel of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of part of FIG. 3; and

FIG. 5 is a section view of part of a wall of the habitat of FIG. 1,taken along line A-A shown on FIG. 1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Referring firstly to FIG. 1, there is shown a habitat, generallyindicated by reference numeral 10, comprising a plurality of connectedpanels 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Thehabitat 10 is designed to be assembled around an area in which hot workis to take place.

The connected panels 20 are supported by a structural frame 12 and thehabitat 10 also includes an access door 14 for accessing the habitatinterior.

One of the panels 20 can be seen more clearly in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4;perspective, side and enlarged side views of a panel 20. The panel 20comprises a flame retardant structural layer (22) made from Sio-LineFR725 material available from Sioen Coating Distribution n.v. ofBelgium, and a fireproof layer made from Fortasil SKSS 600R distributedin the UK by TBA Textiles Ltd. The fireproof layer 24 is secured to thestructural layer 22 by a silicone adhesive 26 such as AS1606 by ACCSilicones Ltd. The panel 20 is approximately 2 m by 2 m.

In use with the habitat 10, the fireproof layer 24 faces inwardlytowards the habitat interior to assist in containing any fire which maybreak out within the habitat 10 during hot working. The flame retardantstructural layer 22 faces outwards from the habitat 10 to protect thehabitat 10 from heat generated externally of the habitat 10. Thecomposite arrangement of the panel 20 makes the panel 20 better able towithstand activities which might otherwise breach the panel 20, such asbeing exposed to a sharp edge or a concentrated shower of sparks.

The flame retardant structural layer 22 includes attaching means 28along its edges 30. The attaching means 28 in the case of the panel 20is a series of zip fasteners 28; one half of a first zip fastener 28 ais fitted along a first edge 30 a, one half of a second zip fastener 28b is fitted along a second edge 30 b, etc. Each half zip fastener 28 a,28 b is adapted to engage with a complementary half zip fastener (notshown) on an adjacent panel.

As can be seen most clearly from FIG. 2, the fireproof layer 24 includesa portion 32 which extends beyond the flame retardant structural layeredge 30. The purpose of this extending portion 32 is to protect the zipfasteners 28, as will now be explained with reference to FIG. 5.

FIG. 5 is a section view of part of a wall of the habitat of FIG. 1,taken along line A-A shown on FIG. 1. FIG. 5 shows parts of two panels20 x, 20 y which are connected by a zip fastener 28 comprising ziphalves 28 x, 28 y, each half zip 28 x, 28 y fitted to a respectivestructural layer 22 x, 22 y of the panels 20 x, 20 y. The extendingportions 32 x, 32 y of the fireproof layers 24 x, 24 y overlap and coverthe zip fastener 28. As explained above, the fireproof layers 24 x, 24 yface inwardly towards the habitat interior. The overlapping extendingportions 32 x, 32 y cover the zip fastener 28 protecting the zipfastener 28 in the event of a fire breaking out within the habitat 10.

Also visible in FIG. 5 (and FIG. 1), is a protective strip 34. Theprotective strip 34 is made of flame retardant material and protects theexternal surface of the zip fastener 28 from heat arising externally ofthe habitat 10. The protective strip 34 is attached to the panels 20 x,20 y by hook and loop fastenings 36 x, 36 y.

The presence of the overlapping portions 32 and the protective strip 34also assist in providing a seal around the edges of each panel 20. Thepanels themselves are impermeable to hydrocarbon gases. Once assembledthe habitat 10 can be over-pressurised, that is the air pressure withinthe habitat 10 can be raised above the air pressure externally of thehabitat 10. Such an arrangement prevents combustible gases which may becirculating externally of the habitat 10 from entering the habitat andpotentially being ignited.

Various modifications may be made to the embodiments of the improvedpanel described above without departing from the scope of the invention.For example, although the panel 20 is described as having a singlestructural layer and a single fireproof layer, there could be multiplelayers of each material. Furthermore, although the described embodimentis arranged with the fireproof layer 24 facing inwards towards theinterior of the habitat 10, in certain circumstances it may be desirablefor the fireproof layer 24 to face outwards.

It will be appreciated that the principal advantage of the abovedescribed embodiments is that a habitat can be assembled which is highlyresistant to fire and is structurally stronger than inflatable habitats.

1. A panel for use in the assembly of a modular hot work habitat,comprising: a layer of flexible structural material, and a layer offlexible fireproof material fixed to the layer of structural material,wherein: the panel is formed and arranged, in use, to be attached to anadjacent panel or panels by attaching means, and the fireproof materiallayer has a greater surface area than the structural material layer suchthat a portion of the fireproof material layer extends sufficientlybeyond the edge and around the perimeter of the structural materiallayer to protect the attaching means, in use.
 2. The panel of claim 1wherein the layers are arranged to lie in parallel planes, in alaminated structure.
 3. The panel of claim 1 wherein the layer ofstructural material is a flame retardant material.
 4. The panel of claim3 wherein the flame retardant material is a flame retardant fabric. 5.The panel of claim 1 wherein the fireproof material layer is a fireprooffabric.
 6. The panel of claim 1 which is flexible.
 7. The panel of claim6 wherein the layers are arranged to lie in parallel planes, in alaminated structure.
 8. The panel of claim 1 wherein the fireproofmaterial layer is fixed to the structural material layer by a siliconeadhesive.
 9. The panel of claim 1 wherein the attaching means are fittedto the structural material layer.
 10. The panel of claim 1, wherein theattaching means are fitted to an edge of the structural material layer.11. The panel of claim 1, wherein the attaching means is at least onezip portion adapted to engage with a complementary zip portion fitted toa second panel.
 12. The panel of claim 1, wherein: the layer ofstructural material is a flame retardant material, and the flameretardant structural material layer of the panel includes a protectivestrip formed and arranged to cover the attaching means.
 13. The panel ofclaim 1, wherein the panel is impermeable to hydrocarbon gasses.
 14. Amodular hot work enclosure comprising: a plurality of interconnectedpanels forming the enclosure; each panel, comprising: a layer offlexible structural material, and a layer of flexible fireproof materialfixed to the layer of structural material, wherein: each panel isattached to an adjacent panel or panels by attaching means, and thefireproof material layer has a greater surface area than the structuralmaterial layer such that a portion of the fireproof material layerextends sufficiently beyond the edge and around the perimeter of thestructural material layer to protect the attaching means.
 15. Themodular hot work enclosure of claim 14, comprising a door or an airlockfor accessing the enclosure.
 16. The modular hot work enclosure of claim14, wherein the panels are arranged such that the fireproof materiallayers face inwards towards the interior of the habitat.
 17. The modularhot work enclosure of claim 16, wherein the structural material layer ofeach panel is a flame retardant material and wherein the said flameretardant structural material layer faces outwards from the enclosure.18. The modular hot work enclosure of claim 14, comprising a structuralframe supporting the panels.
 19. The modular hot work enclosure of claim14, assembled around an area in which hot work is to take place.
 20. Themodular hot work enclosure of claim 14, wherein each panel isimpermeable to hydrocarbon gasses and/or wherein the enclosure isover-pressurized.